{"id":494,"date":"2023-03-06T18:21:41","date_gmt":"2023-03-06T10:21:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mtmresin.com\/?p=494"},"modified":"2026-01-16T19:28:12","modified_gmt":"2026-01-16T11:28:12","slug":"%d8%a3%d9%81%d8%b6%d9%84-%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%b9%d9%8a-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d9%83-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d9%84%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mtmresin.com\/ar\/%d8%a3%d9%81%d8%b6%d9%84-%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%b9%d9%8a-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d9%83-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d9%84%d8%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 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style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u061f\"<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\"\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0623\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0643\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 (TDS) \u0648\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 (SDS) \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062b\u0645\u0646.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rheology\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:1\"><a href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\">1<\/a><\/sup>, \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 MTM \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0628 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642. \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 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\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0640 UL \u0623\u0648 FDA. \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646 UL<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mtmresin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-85.webp\" alt=\"\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 (TDS) \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0648 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Isotropy\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0632\u0631<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:2\"><a href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\">2<\/a><\/sup> \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d. \u0633\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0643 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mtmresin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-86.webp\" alt=\"\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<p>\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u062b\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Viscoelasticity\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:3\"><a href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\">3<\/a><\/sup> \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644. \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 MTM \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 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\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">4-6 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f MTM \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a MTM<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1-3 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u064a \u062b\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mtmresin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-87.webp\" alt=\"\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\"><figcaption>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 <code>\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626<\/code>, \u060c \u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a <code>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/code> \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 <code>\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/strong>: \u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0628 (MFI) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a (HDT).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/strong>: \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<\/strong>: \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 OEM. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0622\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/materials-science\/polymer-morphology\">\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:4\"><a href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\">4<\/a><\/sup>, \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 (\u062c\u0645\/\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\/\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">10.5<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">10.2<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f (\u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">60<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">61<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">HDT \u0639\u0646\u062f 0.45 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 (\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">125<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">124<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u064a\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0646\u0646 (\u062c\u0648\u0644\/\u0645\u062a\u0631)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">50<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">48<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a OEM \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b. \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">4-8 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1-5 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0636\u0644\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u0641\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mtmresin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-88.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\"><figcaption>\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u2018\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u2019\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u2018\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u2019 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631<\/h4>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 (\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f (\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 (\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dhl.com\/discover\/en-global\/logistics-advice\/essential-guides\/landed-cost-meaning-formula-calculation\">\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:5\"><a href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u062b\u0644 MTM \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 <strong>\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 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\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0648\u0646<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644\u061b \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 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\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631: \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mtmresin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-89.webp\" alt=\"\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0648\u0646\"><figcaption>\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631. \u0641\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a. \u0641\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646<\/h4>\n<p>\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/trustrace.com\/knowledge-hub\/the-three-levels-of-traceability-step-three-material-traceability\">\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:6\"><a href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\">6<\/a><\/sup>, \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0640<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 MTM \u0628\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d. \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631<\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0643 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a (MOQ) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a. \u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0643<\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0633 25 \u0643\u062c\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0643. \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 (\u0643\u062c\u0645)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f (\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">25 - 500<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">501 - 1,000<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0635\u0645 5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1,001 - 5,000<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0635\u0645 10%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">5,000+<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0635\u0645 15%+ 15%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mtmresin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-90.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u0648\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\"><figcaption>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0622\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a MTM\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a MTM \u0628\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631. \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0631\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 <code>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643<\/code> \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062e\u0635\u0645. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 <code>\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/code> \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 <code>\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/code>, \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0629. \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d. \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/e\/economicorderquantity.asp\">\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:7\"><a href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\">7<\/a><\/sup> \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0636<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0643\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643<\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0635\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 (COA). \u0647\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062c\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c<\/h3>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0643 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u0628\u0647<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f COA \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629\u061b \u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0632\u0644\u0647\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mtmresin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-91.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 - \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 ISO. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629 <code>\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/code> \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chain_of_custody\">\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:8\"><a href=\"#fn:8\" class=\"footnote-ref\">8<\/a><\/sup>. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 MTM\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0628 (\u062c\u0645\/10 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">22<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">21-23<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f (\u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">60<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">58-62<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 (%)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">0.5-0.7<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">0.5-0.7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mtmresin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-92.webp\" alt=\"\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\"><figcaption>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hygroscopy\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:9\"><a href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\">9<\/a><\/sup> \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0623\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0641\u064a MTM \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0643\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 (MFI\u060c HDT\u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e).<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0646.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 MTM \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 MTM! \u062a\u062e\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f - \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 MTM \u0628\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 OEM \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646. \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637\u060c \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mtmresin.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d9%84\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mtmresin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/MTM-CALL-TO-ACTION.webp\" alt=\"\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 - \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"footnotes\">\n<hr \/>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn:1\">\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621.<a href=\"#fnref1:1\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:2\">\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621.<a href=\"#fnref1:2\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:3\">\n<p>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 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